Water utilities are navigating one of the most complex regulatory environments in recent history. With proposed changes to PFAS regulations, ongoing implementation of the Lead and Copper Rule, and anticipated updates to microbial and disinfection by-product requirements, utilities are balancing multiple compliance priorities as they plan for the future.
In a recent interview with Water Online, Carollo Water Policy and Advocacy Consultant Alan Roberson discusses the current regulatory landscape and shares practical guidance for utilities preparing for what comes next.
Regulatory Uncertainty Is Changing Utility Planning
Alan describes today’s regulatory environment as more challenging than in previous decades, particularly as utilities navigate evolving federal requirements.
He points to recent developments surrounding PFAS regulations and revisions to the Lead and Copper Rule as examples of how shifting requirements are creating uncertainty for long-term planning and capital investment decisions.
Rather than waiting for every regulatory detail to be finalized, Alan encourages utilities to continue preparing while remaining flexible as requirements evolve.
“The worst thing you can do now on PFAS is take your foot off the gas,” he said. “If you’re planning to do something, then keep on the planning process. Don’t stop.”
Taking Practical Steps Before New Rules Are Finalized
Although future regulatory requirements are still being developed, Alan explains that utilities can begin preparing today through relatively low-cost planning efforts.
For example, utilities anticipating revisions to microbial and disinfection by-product regulations can review existing disinfectant residual data to identify locations that may require operational adjustments or future capital improvements.
He explains that identifying areas close to future compliance thresholds can help utilities understand whether operational changes or future capital improvements may be needed.
These early evaluations can help utilities better understand future infrastructure needs while avoiding delays once regulations are finalized.
Holistic Planning Supports Long-Term Compliance
One of Alan’s central messages is that utilities cannot afford to focus on one regulation at the expense of another.
“In reality, you have to focus on it all,” he explained. “You really can’t ignore any of those regulations—they aren’t going away.”
Instead, he encourages utilities to develop comprehensive compliance strategies that coordinate engineering, funding, construction, and implementation schedules. A well-developed plan can also strengthen conversations with regulators when additional implementation time is needed.
Building Resilience Beyond Compliance
While meeting regulatory requirements remains essential, Alan also emphasizes the importance of investing in long-term system resilience.
He encourages utilities to use required risk and resilience assessments as an opportunity to prioritize investments that strengthen water systems over time, balancing compliance needs with broader infrastructure planning.
Ultimately, Alan’s message is that regulatory uncertainty should not prevent thoughtful action. By planning proactively, communicating clearly with customers, and maintaining a long-term perspective, utilities can position themselves for both compliance and resilience.
To hear more of Alan Roberson’s insights on PFAS, drinking water regulations, and long-term utility planning, watch the full interview below:
