The Microplastics and PFAS Connection

Microplastics and PFAS—two of today’s most pressing environmental challenges—may be more interconnected than previously understood. In their recent article published in Water Online, Carollo Engineers’s Cayla Cook and Eva Steinle-Darling explore the fascinating links between these persistent contaminants and the implications for environmental health and water quality.

The Link Between PFAS and Microplastics

Microplastics, defined as plastic particles between 5 millimeters and 1 nanometer, come in various forms, from fibers to pellets. PFAS, often called “forever chemicals,” are highly stable compounds used in a range of industrial and consumer applications. Their durability, while useful, makes them notoriously difficult to remove from the environment. As Cook and Steinle-Darling explain, these two contaminants are not only individually challenging but also connected in ways that complicate efforts to mitigate their impacts.

A striking observation from the article highlights that some PFAS themselves occur as microplastics, including polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) and polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE). These compounds are also used as coatings on synthetic textiles and plastic components, which break down into microplastics. Furthermore, certain PFAS-coated materials, such as textiles, release microplastic fibers during manufacturing or consumer use—fibers that wastewater treatment processes often fail to remove.

Microplastics and PFAS in the Environment

The article also examines how microplastics and PFAS interact in the environment. Microplastics can adsorb PFAS and other pollutants, potentially increasing toxicity and complicating remediation efforts. This co-occurrence raises important questions for utilities, industries, and regulators as they work to address these contaminants.

Long-Term PFAS and Microplastics Solutions for the Water Industry

Cook and Steinle-Darling suggest that addressing these contaminants in isolation may no longer be effective. Instead, water utilities and industries should consider simultaneous monitoring of PFAS and microplastics to gain a better understanding of their co-occurrence and combined impacts. This dual approach, combined with source control of PFAS-coated materials and improved treatment technologies, is essential for protecting water resources.

The article emphasizes the importance of proactive strategies, such as source control and concurrent mitigation efforts, to minimize the environmental and health impacts of PFAS and microplastics. These solutions could significantly improve water quality and sustainability.

To learn more about this critical connection and its implications for water treatment, read the full article.